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Conservative senators pass controversial Aboriginal bill

 Conservative senators voted to pass bill S-4: Family Homes on Reserves and Matrimonial Interests or Rights Act. Despite overwhelming opposition to the bill by the many First Nation chiefs and councillors who appeared as witnesses during study of the bill by the Senate Standing Committee on Human Rights, none of the Conservative senators voted against it. 

 The bill will have to be passed through the House of Commons, where opposition parties were previously united in their objection to past versions of S-4 (formerly C-8 and C-47).

 The Conservatives claim that enactment of this bill will protect vulnerable Aboriginal women and children by putting in place federal legislation guiding division of matrimonial real property (the family home and its associated land) on reserves and regulations concerning which parent retain the home. However, the chiefs, councillors and Elder Emma Meawasige told the committee that they were opposed to bill S-4 and that communities already have procedures to deal with these matters, such as alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, traditional customs, and agreements under the First Nations Land Management Act.

 The Conservative senators have not listened to the concerns over bill S-4 expressed by First Nations chiefs, legal experts and Liberal senators. One of the main concerns voiced was that bill S-4 is unconstitutional, because it violates section 35 of the constitution that recognizes the inherent rights of Aboriginal people to self government.  Yet, the Conservative senators would not allow the insertion of a standard non-derogation clause that makes it clear that nothing in this bill would detract from these constitutional rights.

 Senator Dyck, an Aboriginal senator from the Gordon First Nation in Saskatchewan, wonders why the Conservatives are refusing to listen to the First Nations representatives. "Is this the government’s way of attempting to undermine the constitutional rights of First Nations people?" she asked.

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Les sénateurs conservateurs adoptent un projet de loi controversé sur les Autochtones

 Les sénateurs conservateurs ont adopté le projet de loi S 4, Loi sur les foyers familiaux situés dans les réserves et les droits ou intérêts matrimoniaux. Même si l’écrasante majorité des nombreux chefs et conseillers des Premières nations qui ont comparu devant le Comité sénatorial permanent des droits de la personne durant l’étude du projet de loi s’opposent à celui-ci, aucun des sénateurs conservateurs n’a voté contre le projet de loi.  

 Le projet de loi devra être adopté à la Chambre des communes, où les partis de l’opposition s’étaient tous opposés aux versions précédentes du projet de loi S-4 (les projets de loi C 8 et C 47).

 Les conservateurs soutiennent que, s’il est adopté, ce projet de loi protégera les femmes et enfants autochtones vulnérables en mettant en place une loi fédérale guidant le partage des biens immobiliers matrimoniaux (la maison familiale et le terrain s’y rattachant) dans les réserves et des règlements précisant lequel des parents conservera la maison familiale. Cependant, les chefs, les conseillers et l’ancienne Emma Meawasige ont dit au comité qu’ils s’opposaient au projet de loi S-4 et que les communautés disposent déjà de procédures traitant de ces questions, comme le mode substitutif de règlement des conflits, les coutumes et les accords conclus aux termes de la Loi sur la gestion des terres des premières nations.

 Les sénateurs conservateurs n’ont pas écouté les motifs de préoccupation des chefs des Premières nations, des juristes et des sénateurs libéraux relativement au projet de loi S-4. Un des principaux motifs de préoccupation est que le projet de loi S-4 est inconstitutionnel parce qu’il viole l’article 35 de la Constitution, qui reconnaît le droit inhérent des peuples autochtones de se gouverner eux-mêmes. Or, les sénateurs conservateurs ont refusé que l’on ajoute une simple disposition de non-dérogation stipulant que rien dans le projet de loi ne diminue la portée de ces droits constitutionnels.

Senator Dyck, an Aboriginal senator from the Gordon First Nation in Saskatchewan, wonders why the Conservatives are refusing to listen to the First Nations representatives.

 La sénatrice Dyck, une sénatrice autochtone de la Première nation Gordon en Saskatchewan, se demande pourquoi les conservateurs refusent d’écouter ce que les représentants des Premières nations ont à dire. « Est-ce leur façon de tenter de miner les droits constitutionnels des Premières nations? » a demandé la sénatrice.

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